Alternative therapies for malignant obstructive jaundice include percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) and stenting. For the treatment of malignant obstructive jaundice, PTBD and stenting have shown good efficacy, with few complications and reduced pain. For the treatment of malignant obstructive jaundice, PTBD and stenting have demonstrated good efficacy, with few complications and reduced pain. Primary biliary carcinomas, such as cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder cancer, and extra-biliary carcinomas, such as ampullary, pancreatic, and gastric cancer, as well as hepatocellular carcinoma, can all produce malignant obstructive jaundice. Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) and stenting are two new treatments for malignant obstructive jaundice that have good clinical efficacy, few side effects, and cause minimal patient pain. For older patients, individuals with inoperable malignant obstructive jaundice, and patients with postoperative recurrence, diabetes, or cardiovascular disease, PTBD with stenting is the treatment of choice. US-guided and digital subtraction angiography were used to do the PTBD and stenting. Cholangiography was first utilized to determine the exact depth and extent of the stenosis or stenoses, as well as to determine which liver segments should be drained.
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